This essay, which also appears as the lead essay in the Kindle collection THE BENEVOLENT NATURE OF CAPITALISM AND OTHER ESSAYS, explains all of the following essentials about capitalism:•What Capitalism Is•Based on a Foundation of Individual Freedom, Capitalism Provides both Economic Security and Physical Safety•How Capitalism Provides a Continuing Increase in the Supply of Natural Resources•How Production and Economic Activity Improve Man’s Environment•The Division of Labor and the Fundamental Harmony of Interests•The Uniformity-of-Profit Principle: Consumer Control over Production and Its Progressive Increase•How Private Ownership of the Means of Production Benefits the Non-Owners•How the Institution of Inheritance Benefits the Non-Heirs•How in the Building of Great Industrial Fortunes, One Man’s Gain Is also All Other Men’s Gain•How Economic Competition Is the Opposite of the “Law of the Jungle” and Instead Is the Basis of the Survival of All•How Economic Inequality Is Essential for Successful Economic Competition by the Less Able•How Capitalism, So Far from Being an “Anarchy of Production,” Is in Fact a System of Thorough-Going Economic Planning, in which the Planning of Every Individual Is Coordinated and Harmonized by the Price System•Why Socialism Represents the Prohibition of Economic Planning by Everyone except a Handful of Government Officials Who Make Planning their Monopoly and then Are Incapable of Planning•While Socialism Is the System of Monopoly, Capitalism Is the System of Freedom and Free Competition•Under Capitalism, Becoming a Sole Supplier Requires Producing at a Lower Cost and Price than Anyone Else •How Capitalism Is a System of Progressively Increasing Real Wages, the Shortening of Hours, and the Improvement of Working Conditions•Why Profit, Not Wages, Is the Original and Primary Form of Labor Income•Why the Self-Interest of Employers and of Buyers in General Is not to Pay the Lowest Price or Wage but the Lowest Price or Wage that Is Simultaneously too High for Competitors•Neither Capitalism nor Its Growing Production Is the Cause of Depressions•Depressions Are the Result of Credit Expansion Followed by Credit Contraction•A 100%-Reserve, Precious-Metals Monetary System Would Make a Capitalist Society both Inflation-Proof and Deflation/Depression-Proof